Ether lipid biosynthesis (WP5275)
Ether lipid biosynthesis in humans. Ether lipids (e.g. plasmalogens), are peroxisome-derived glycerophospholipids where the hydrocarbon chain at the sn-1 position of the glycerol backbone is attached by an ether bond (single bond between carbon and oxygen atom). Ether lipids are used to form non-lamellar inverted hexagonal structures in model membranes (indicating they could facilitate membrane fusion processes). Lipid raft microdomains (cholesterol-rich membrane regions involved in cellular signaling) rely on ether lipids for their organization and stability. [PMID:28523433]. The pathway knowledge depicted in this model stems from Robert C. Murphy, who endorsed version [https://www.wikipathways.org/index.php?title=Pathway:WP5275&oldid=123734 WP5275_r123734].
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Authors

Conroy lipids , Denise Slenter , Egon Willighagen , and Robert C. Murphy

Cited In

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Organism

Homo sapiens

Communities

Annotations

Pathway Ontology: lipid metabolic pathway ether lipid metabolic pathway Zellweger syndrome pathway classic metabolic pathway

Disease Ontology: rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata type 2 Zellweger syndrome rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata type 1 rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata type 5 rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata type 3 peroxisome biogenesis disorder 1A rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata

Participants

Label Type Compact Identifier
DG-O Metabolite lipidmaps:LMGL02020000
Acyl-CoA Metabolite lipidmaps:LMFA07050000
Alkyl-DHAP Metabolite lipidmaps:LMGP22020000
Fatty acid Metabolite lipidmaps:LMFA01010000
LPA Metabolite lipidmaps:LMGP10050000
Acyl-DHAP Metabolite lipidmaps:LMGP22010000
Coenzyme A Metabolite chebi:15346
LPA-O Metabolite lipidmaps:LMGP10060000
GalEAG Metabolite lipidmaps:LMGL050200A0
PC-O Metabolite lipidmaps:LMGP01020000
PE-O Metabolite lipidmaps:LMGP02020000
PA-O Metabolite lipidmaps:LMGP10020000
PE-P Metabolite lipidmaps:LMGP02030000
Fatty alcohol Metabolite lipidmaps:LMFA05000000
DHAP Metabolite chebi:16108
Seminolipid Metabolite lipidmaps:LMGL05020000
Acyl-CoA Metabolite lipidmaps:LMFA07050000
Coenzyme A Metabolite chebi:15346
Alkyl-DHAP Metabolite lipidmaps:LMGP22020000
Acyl-CoA Metabolite lipidmaps:LMFA07050000
Fatty Acid Metabolite chebi:57560
Fatty Alcohol Metabolite lipidmaps:LMFA05000000
Acyl-DHAP Metabolite lipidmaps:LMGP22010000
UNIDENTIFIED Protein eccode:1.1.1.101
PexRAP Protein uniprot:Q6IAN0
ACS Protein eccode:6.2.1.1
LPIN3 Protein uniprot:Q9BQK8
GNPAT Protein uniprot:O15228
PEX1 Protein uniprot:O43933
ARSA Protein uniprot:P15289
PEDS1 Protein uniprot:A5PLL7
LPCAT1 Protein uniprot:Q8NF37
AGPS Protein uniprot:O00116
PEX5L Protein uniprot:Q8IYB4
PEX7 Protein uniprot:O00628
GAL3ST1 Protein uniprot:Q99999
LPIN1 Protein uniprot:Q14693
UGT8 Protein uniprot:Q16880
LPIN2 Protein uniprot:Q92539
CEPT1 Protein uniprot:Q9Y6K0
FAR1 Protein uniprot:Q8WVX9
FAR2 Protein uniprot:Q96K12
AGPS Protein uniprot:O00116
PEX7 Protein uniprot:O00628
PEX3 Protein uniprot:P56589
PEX16 Protein uniprot:Q9Y5Y5
PEX19 Protein uniprot:P40855
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References

  1. Yamaguchi S, Aoki K, Handa S, Yamakawa T. Deficiency of seminolipid sulphatase activity in brain tissue of metachromatic leucodystrophy. J Neurochem. 1975 May;24(5):1087–9. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  2. Zomer AW, de Weerd WF, Langeveld J, van den Bosch H. Ether lipid synthesis: purification and identification of alkyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate synthase from guinea-pig liver. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Oct 13;1170(2):189–96. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  3. Honke K, Yamane M, Ishii A, Kobayashi T, Makita A. Purification and characterization of 3’-phosphoadenosine-5’-phosphosulfate:GalCer sulfotransferase from human renal cancer cells. J Biochem. 1996 Mar;119(3):421–7. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  4. Henneberry AL, McMaster CR. Cloning and expression of a human choline/ethanolaminephosphotransferase: synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine. Biochem J. 1999 Apr 15;339 ( Pt 2)(Pt 2):291–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  5. Fujimoto H, Tadano-Aritomi K, Tokumasu A, Ito K, Hikita T, Suzuki K, et al. Requirement of seminolipid in spermatogenesis revealed by UDP-galactose: Ceramide galactosyltransferase-deficient mice. J Biol Chem. 2000 Jul 28;275(30):22623–6. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  6. Liu D, Nagan N, Just WW, Rodemer C, Thai T-P, Zoeller RA. Role of dihydroxyacetonephosphate acyltransferase in the biosynthesis of plasmalogens and nonether glycerolipids. J Lipid Res. 2005 Apr;46(4):727–35. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  7. Han G-S, Carman GM. Characterization of the human LPIN1-encoded phosphatidate phosphatase isoforms. J Biol Chem. 2010 May 7;285(19):14628–38. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  8. Lodhi IJ, Yin L, Jensen-Urstad APL, Funai K, Coleman T, Baird JH, et al. Inhibiting adipose tissue lipogenesis reprograms thermogenesis and PPARγ activation to decrease diet-induced obesity. Cell Metab. 2012 Aug 8;16(2):189–201. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  9. Dean JM, Lodhi IJ. Structural and functional roles of ether lipids. Protein Cell. 2018 Feb;9(2):196–206. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
  10. Werner ER, Keller MA, Sailer S, Lackner K, Koch J, Hermann M, et al. The TMEM189 gene encodes plasmanylethanolamine desaturase which introduces the characteristic vinyl ether double bond into plasmalogens. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Apr 7;117(14):7792–8. PubMed Europe PMC Scholia
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